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Tax Working Group: A running post with updates from the 1 day conference

Posted in News

I'm here at Victoria University in Wellington reporting on the all-day Tax Working Group conference which is the final wrapup session for the group before it reports back to the government. I'll update this post through the day with the highlights from all the presentations. Here is the schedule of the day's presentations and here is the background on the Tax Working Group, which is being run by Victoria University. Here are the background papers for the conference. First up is Finance Minister Bill English. English says the economic recession hasn't been as severe as first thought, but the economy remains unbalanced with too much investment in housing and the non-tradeable sector and not enough investment in the tradeable sector.

"That mix of recovery isn't as sustainable as an export led recovery. If we are to succeed in rebalancing the economy it's going to take some fairly focused policy," English said. "The government remains committed to catching up with Australia by 2025. We are adopting a steady and balanced approach to this goal." English said New Zealand's private sector productivity growth had actually kept up with Australia, but the public sector's productivity had lagged. "The non measured sector, which is largely government, has had particularly poor productivity. One way to improve that is to spend less time telling other people how to run their businesses and spend more time focusing on its own spending," he said. "There will be extensive change in the public sector," he said. "Our economic goals are pretty bold. Tax has a pervasive effect in th eeconomy so if we want to achieve a significant increase in performance then we need to pull the bigger levers in the economy and there's no doubt that tax is one of those bigger levers." "By 2022 the person on the average wage will end up paying the top tax rate. That may not be transparent to the public yet,  but it's clearly not an acceptable result to have the person on the average wage paying the top tax rate so that's why we need to make long term change to the tax system." English says the government will focus on fairness and equity. He says he will look forward to considering the Tax Working Group report in the early part of next year as part of the 2010 budget process. Bill English then held a short standup news conference outside the conference. He said the only option for reform that had been ruled out was a capital gains tax on owner-occupied homes. He said the government would look at the options proposed by the Tax Working Group early next year and some of its ideas may be included in the May 2010 budget. English was careful not to rule anything in or out, including any move to equalise the corporate and top income tax rates. He pointed out the Australian tax review may also cut the corporate tax rate and New Zealand needed to avoid any gap opening up with Australia. Asked about a land tax, he said: "That's been in the mix, but we haven't really looked at it yet." Next up is Ernst and Young Managing Partner Rob McLeod, who is a member of the group and the author of the 2001 McLeod report. McLeod says the current tax system has now lost much of its coherence with the top tax rate at 38 cents while Working for Families creates very high marginal tax rates. He also says there is pressure to drop the corporate tax rate. Asked about doing away with imputation credits, he said the advice from officials was that removing imputation credits was unlikely to provide enough revenue to reduce the corporate tax rate. Norman Gemmell the Principal Adviser on Tax for Treasury then spoke about various options for income and GST changes. The options included: - reducing the top income tax rate from 38% to 30% and funding that by base broadening that falls mainly on incomes over NZ$70,000. - Switch towards GST: Reduce all income tax rates by 2-3% and reduce the top rate of 38% to 33% or 30% and fund that by lifting GST to 15%. - Reform Working For Families (WFF) to reduce high marginal tax rates, including targeting WFF more at lower incomes. One new idea put forward was a flat income tax with an annual payment of say NZ$5,000 to those below a certain threshold to make the tax more progressive. PwC partner John Shewan then spoke about base broadening measures to tax capital gains and land. He said the pros for a Capital Gains Tax (CGT) included reducing biases in favour of investing in assets expected to create capital gains. It was also a progressive tax and may or may not raise significant extra income. The cons were that a pure CGT with accrual taxation on all gains on capital was not feasible in practical or political terms. Therefore any CGT would have to be on realisation, carve out owner occupied homes and the quarantining of capital losses. This would create lock-in problems where few wanted to sell and 60% of property wouldn't be included because that was the amount owner-occupied. It would also be complex and difficult to administer. Shewan also said a CGT would be great business for tax accountants and lawyers. That went down well with the audience of tax experts. There was about NZ$213 billion tied up in residential rental investment, which compared with NZ$37 billion invested in the stock market. This rental investment was generating tax losses of about NZ$500 million, with lost revenue of NZ$150 million to NZ$200 million. He then detailed two types of capital gains tax reform, including ad-hoc measures and a 'risk free rate of return' tax. Other base broadening options including denying rental loss offsets against income, which could raise NZ$165-175 million, denying depreciation on buildings (NZ$1.3 billion), remove depreciation loading (NZ$600 million), make depreciable buildings taxable (NZ$1,3 billion) and changing the 'thin capitalisation' threshold on debt for foreign owners of assets to 60% from 75% (NZ$177 million) "There's no consensus in the TWG on what the particular measure should be, but consensus that the current situation is a mess and untenable and 'something needs to be done', and that one or more of these options need to be pursued," Shewan said. Gareth Morgan then looked a the the taxation of capital income. A full article is available here. Motu economist Arthur Grimes and Deloitte Partner Mike Shaw then presented papers on land tax. I will do a separate story on this shortly. Assistant Deputy Commissioner Matt Benge produced an interesting paper I'll post shortly with a couple of great charts showing the extent of the tax sheltering and income denial since 1999.

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17 Comments

"By 2022 the person on

"By 2022 the person on the average wage will end up paying the top tax rate. That may not be transparent to the public yet"....somebody out there ...this statement from English is a signal on inflation expectations...ie by how much the Kiwi is expected to decline in value! Can someone run the numbers and come up with the inflation he expects?????

Bill English still committed to

Bill English still committed to some sort of catchup? Let's hope it's not in government spending.

Hi Wally, median per capita

Hi Wally, median per capita income is now about $42,000 from memory; to reach $70,000 by 2022 would need an annual growth of 4%, easily doable, say inflation 2% + real growth 2% or some other mix.

My reaction to his comment was, a flat-taxer would surely want everyone on the same marginal rate?! (although perhaps not 38%).

Hi Wally - Robert's calculations

Hi Wally - Robert's calculations are basically correct but using the precise numbers:

From Stats NZ Jun 2009 report - average weekly wage is NZ$760 per week =$39520 p.a.. Assuming top tax bracket will still start at NZ$70,000 in 2022 thats a mulitplier of 1.77 in 12.5 years. That equates to an average compound wage inflation rate of 4.7%
- still a reasonable guess though with perhaps a smidgeon more than 2% inflation p.a.

"He said the only option

"He said the only option for reform that had been ruled out was a capital gains tax on owner-occupied homes."

Interesting. Has he ruled it out or not - previous comments he made. Also, does this wording mean it is actually being considered for 2nd houses - IE rents.

Well thanks you two..so by

Well thanks you two..so by circa 2022 we might see the NZ average wage at the current Australian average wage level..but hang on a bit...I'm thinking the aussie average by circa 2022 will be nearer to $120ooo! Or are they going to stand still so we can catch up?

Maybe I am being silly,

Maybe I am being silly, surely the top bracket figure will increase with inflation? It won't be 70k in 20 years?

Novo.....nothing will happen until the

Novo.....nothing will happen until the MPs in the Party have divested themselves of their property portfolios or otherwise restructured to be safe from any cgt on property that is not a family residence. These legal loopholes take time to establish Novo and so it will be a while yet before the govt makes public a cgt on second homes and property trading. In the mean time expect policy to continue porking the property bubble long enough for the pollies to sell down their rorts and 'investments'.

Don’t get fixated on personal

Don't get fixated on personal rates there is much more to come toda.

The downside for me on the English comments was the absence of leadership "“ any change has to have popular support. Sadly, the necessary changes will hurt as the advantages currently enjoyed by a few wind out.

By the way Les sends regards to Walter and Roger T.

"Yes" to hated perks and

"Yes" to hated perks and "No" to needed reform. ---- Sometimes they don't look for popular support.

@Wally: "I’m thinking the aussie

@Wally: "I'm thinking the aussie average by circa 2022 will be nearer to $120ooo! Or are they going to stand still so we can catch up?"

Good idea - instead of trying to catch up with Australia, why don't we just bring them down to our level? If only we had a few nukes, we could launch them into WA and Queensland and irradiate all their mineral wealth... or just send them straight into Sydney if that's easier...

<b>MS</b> : Tasmania , which

MS : Tasmania , which is generally derided and disregarded by mainland Australia , has a higher median wage than NZ . We are below Oz's worst state . Tassie has apples / timber / fish . And we in NZ have ..............Hmmmmmmmm ! So why the difference between us and them ?

Anyone know how much of

Anyone know how much of the GST take is from food? Raising Sales Tax always seems like a good idea but I've a horrid suspicion that a lot of this tax take comes from basic foodstuffs.

A RANT....and I am not

A RANT....and I am not sore any more, I am damn LIVID.

I Have not seen a paper till just now.

I have been away looking after my FATHER-IN-LAW whilst he has a CATARACT OPERATION that he had to PAY some $3000 odd dollars for because there is a huge waiting list, so had to pay privately,

(another RORT from the elderly, FRED HOLLOWS will be SPINNING in his grave... but I digress....),

........ if he wanted to keep driving to shops, he CANNOT walk to from the house he has lived in for 20 odd years. The only one HE owns, by the way.

He always worked, always paid his own way, paid his taxes, paid, paid, paid, not taken.

CONTRAST this with MR BILL (But never my BILL...mate)...ENGLISH who has the effrontery to pay out over $4k plus of the TAXPAYERS MONEY on FLOWERS for his office.

No wonder I get SORE about these idiots.

MR KEY...How about a refund for my father-in-law, how about you get rid of the RORTS and start looking after your own COUNTRYMEN instead of JAUNTING and JUNKETING our money away.

How about you get rid of the people taking and start employing people who GIVE, more than they TAKE so we can FIX this country once and for all time.

A little AUSTERITY would not go amiss.

A little COMMON SENSE, would not go amiss.

A little FISCAL PRUDENCE would not go amiss.

A little PRIORITISING would not go amiss.

I could fix this country with 15 able people off this site....

We do not need HALF your IDIOT hangers on. They are just too HALF WITTED to WORK.

WHY CANNOT YOU SEE THE OBVIOUS.

ARE YOU DEAF, DUMB and BLIND.

PLAIN ENUFF, LOUD ENUFF......ENUFF SAID.

Hot off the PEC press...

Hot off the PEC press...

Productive Economy Council Calls for a National Vision from John Key

The Tax Working Group is the latest initiative from the government that is setting out to find answers to questions we haven't yet asked, says the Productive Economy Council.

"Like Don Brash's productivity taskforce, the Tax Working Group will inevitably make recommendations to "fix" a broken system. Which is fine, as far as it goes. The problem is that that if New Zealand is viewed as a train, with the economy as the engine, and our society as the carriages being pulled behind, these fixes might help keep the whole train moving, but they do nothing to define its destination."

"In short, what's lacking in all of this is any articulation of a vision for our economy, our society and our country," says PEC spokesman Selwyn Pellett.

"The applicability of any of the policies from the Tax Working Group can only be measured against such a vision," he says.

"Without an articulated vision, how do we as a country decide which is better; a lift in GST (Goods and Services Tax), to tax income derived from capital appreciation (Capital Gains Tax) , or a land user tax? All have very different outcomes and biases and considered in isolation they all have merits."

However if you put them into the context of creating a fair and equitable tax system and sustaining a society that can regain Economic Sovereignty through greater productivity and increased export revenues, then clear winners emerge. The 2025 task force was a predictable waste of time given Dr Brash's lack of real world understanding but the Tax Working Group is much more considered. Even so, the TWG is still working in a vacuum without having an agenda set by a national vision.

"This is building policy without structure, something New Zealand politicians have become adept at doing. It is economic management by spreadsheet, not by strategic vision. All business owners know the value of the spreadsheet, but they also know it is just a tool to help measure your progress against strategic goals. Structure follows strategy, as all good business owners know, not the other way around," says Pellett.

"If the Tax Working Group and its conclusions are to have relevancy we must have a coherent vision. You cannot debate tax, productivity, monetary policy or economic sovereignty in isolation as they are all interconnected" he says.

"If the exchange rate is low it's effectively a tax on the average New Zealander that is felt at the pump, in the TV store or on holiday. If it's high it's an unsustainable tax on our exporters and we start selling bits of New Zealand to balance the books. If it's simply unstable it's a tax of uncertainty, resulting in lack of investment and declining productivity and jobs."

In business, says Pellett, you have a vision, supported by the strategic imperatives that will deliver the vision, the strategies that will deliver the strategic imperatives and the tactics that will deliver the strategy. In this way there is logical and aligned decision making from the lowest level to the highest with the delivery of the vision being the only goal that really matters. Stakeholders can review progress against tactics, strategy, strategic imperatives and ultimately the vision.

"The "˜closing the productivity gap with Australia' agenda of the 2025 taskforce is just one example of how we have strategies, and even tactics masquerading as a vision. Productivity should be used to measure success, not be treated as success in itself. I am sure Taiwan and Korea have even higher levels of productivity than Australia but surely we do not aspire to be either. The tactics that the taskforce proposed were clearly aimed at achieving that "success" at all costs without reference to the kind of society and country we will have at the end of it," says Pellett.

"If you view New Zealand as a company, then right now the company is frantically juggling P&L and balance sheet issues, trying anything and everything to eliminate the red ink, while paying limited consideration to the $250 million a week erosion of the balance sheet. Should we not stop for a moment and ask where we want this company to be in a few years time, and what the long term consequences of some of the measures we are currently proposing or enacting will be," he says.

"We should be looking to build a society that we are proud of and that represents our independence and heritage and captures the character of our people, not simply to play catch up with Australia on productivity. We need National to put its vision for the country on the table before we waste time debating which tax policies are appropriate for our future. We need leadership now more than almost any time in our history as we have truly lost our way. We were founded on trading and independence yet we have allowed ourselves to become enslaved by foreign debt for non productive assets (housing) which has killed our ability to trade internationally."

It's time to stop the paralysis by analysis and set some lofty goals. John Key needs to take this quote to heart: "Set no small goals, for they lack the power to stir our soul". Failure to stir our souls will see New Zealand as Easter Island (asset rich and income poor) or The East Island of Australia.

Go PEC.

Bernard - I guess you will kick off a thread each for the last two sessions, 'Company Tax' and 'Scenarios'? I think some good points came out of those too, that people might want to debate via Int.co. Good to meet you yesterday. Cheers, Les.

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