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Opinion: The importance of economics education for New Zealand

By NZ Business Roundtable executive director Roger Kerr
Professor Greg Mankiw of Harvard University is a highly regarded American economist.
He has served as chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers. He has a popular blog.
Recently he has been expressing scepticism about the US administration's trillion dollar spending package.
Mankiw is also known for his well-regarded introductory economics textbook.
In chapter two he includes a table of propositions to which most economists subscribe, based on various polls of the profession.
Below is a selection, together with the percentage of economists who agree, and some related comments in brackets.
Related Topics
1. A ceiling on rents reduces the quantity and quality of housing available. (93%)
(New Zealand does not have rent controls, but state housing and so-called tenant protection regulation have a similar effect on the supply of private rental housing.)
2. Tariffs and import quotas usually reduce general economic welfare. (93%)
(There are theoretical exceptions to the case for free trade but, as another eminent economist Jagdish Bhagwati has written, "Basically, in the world of practical policy, the subtle qualifications do not really amount to a can of beans. If you want to bring prosperity to people, free trade is the way to do it."
With only low tariffs now and the free trade agreement with China, New Zealand is close to becoming a free trade economy like Hong Kong and Singapore.)
3. Flexible and floating exchange rates offer an effective monetary arrangement. (90%)
(This was not widely recognised until the early 1970s when the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates broke down. New Zealand's floating exchange rate regime has served us well in responding to the present financial crisis and recession.)
4. Fiscal policy (eg tax cut and/or government expenditure increase) has a significant stimulative impact on a less than fully employed economy. (90%)
(This point is less relevant to New Zealand than to a large economy like the United States because much of the spending would go on imports. Also the Keynesian mechanism only works if workers do not realise that higher inflation results from the stimulus and reduces their real wages and thereby the costs to employers of employing them.)
5. The United States should not restrict employers form outsourcing work to foreign countries. (90%).
(Nor should New Zealand: we benefit from globalisation. Fisher and Paykel Appliances is one company that has gone down this path. While Dunedin may have lost out in the process, the company should not have been subsidised by ratepayers in the first place and the move has assisted it to survive.)
6. The United States should eliminate agricultural subsidies. (85%)
(Bravo! This illustrates the point that many subsidies and regulations benefit private interests rather than the public interest. Just because another country has a particular policy doesn't mean New Zealand should follow suit.)
7. Local and state governments should eliminate subsidies to professional sports franchises. (85%)
(The Auckland Regional Council, which recently lost $1.8 million on the David Beckham fiasco, should take note.)
8. If the federal budget is to be balanced, it should be done over the business cycle rather than yearly. 85%)
(This is the rule in the Public Finance Act, which now incorporates the Fiscal Responsibility Act.)
9. Cash payments increase the welfare of recipients to a greater degree than do transfers-in-kind of equal cash value. (84%)
(This calls into question programmes such as state housing. In the case of dysfunctional families, however, there may be a case for provision-in-kind "“ eg the equivalent of a food stamps programme.)
10. A minimum wage increases unemployment among young and unskilled workers. (79%)
(Regrettably, the Maori Party has not grasped the point that raising the minimum wage is likely to hit Maori disproportionately. The Council of Trade Unions has suggested to today's Jobs Summit that the minimum wage should continue to be increased "to boost demand". If that made sense, why not double or treble it? It doesn't: in the absence of higher output from greater productivity, a higher wage for one person is a lower income for someone else. Aggregate spending power is unchanged.)
Economists broadly agree on many other things as well, such as the case against government ownership of businesses. The empirical evidence that, on average and over time, the performance of privately owned businesses is superior to state-owned businesses is overwhelming.
Of course, there is seldom complete agreement among economists just as there is rarely complete agreement in other scientific fields, but the degree of consensus on many issues provides a sound basis for much public policy.
As Mankiw writes: "If we could get the American public to endorse all these propositions, I am sure their leaders would quickly follow, and public policy would be much improved. That is why economics education is so important."
The same could be said about public understanding of economics in New Zealand.
* This piece by Roger Kerr first appeared in the Otago Daily Times, February 27, 2009. Roger Kerr (rkerr@nzbr.org.nz) is the executive director of the New Zealand Business Roundtable.
Rogers right. Far right!!!
Rogers right. Far right!!!
The NCEA Level 2 Economics
The NCEA Level 2 Economics curriculum used to assess employment, economic growth, price stability, trade and inequality. Now some bright spark has taken out employment and inequality, leaving only growth, trade and inflation. The social consequences / fallout of government policies on the big three are no longer assessed which means, realistically speaking, are no longer taught.
Far right indeed. Interestingly, the changes were introduced under a labour government.
Predicting the US economy in
Predicting the US economy in the 1990s, Greg Mankiw said that the Clinton tax increases would cause a major recession.
In fact, the tax increases were followed by a major boom.
In the early 2000s Greg Mankiw said the Bush tax cuts would cause an economic boom.
In fact, the tax cut was followed by the weakest economic expansion on record where the GDP Gap was never closed and for the first time in over 50 years the share of the working age population employed failed to surpass the previous peak.
Could this 'highly regarded American economist' have been more wrong?
I'm all for reasoned debate
I'm all for reasoned debate and all that but it has to be said that the economics profession has hardly covered itself in glory in this crisis.
In fact we've gotten ourselves into quite a bind in this banking crisis and all the economics profession has offered is practical advice from the sidelines. The neo-classical consensus and their economic models have been blown apart at the seams. Consistent economic models would be very valuable now to inform policy choices but frankly these models are bust and are basically useless at the moment.
No, I'm afraid of all the sciences the economics profession has the largest steps still to take. It can start off by dispensing with the rational man thesis and start merging human psychology into its models. When I see an economist producing a micro-economic theory on the consumption of women's hand bags then I'll know theory is improving, until then you've still got a lot of work to do.
IMO the very first thing
IMO the very first thing to consider is this:
"What effect does a debt-based money system have?".
Until you start with that one, and answer the question, all else is irrelevant.
Roger, Roger, Roger you slaveminded
Roger, Roger, Roger you slaveminded menace. When are you going to give up this crusade to have this country fully recaptured by you and your ilk.
If you or anyone else has not read the - REPORT OF THE ROYAL COMMISSION ON MONETARY, BANKING AND CREDIT SYSTEMS 1956 - and are facilitating debate or commentating on Fiscal and Monetary policy in this country, I believe you are doing this country a disservice.
I have for thirteen years studied 5000 years of currency and banking. This book/document is quite simply the most astounding detailed insight into the global tussle between the state and private internationalist bankers for the right to control the process of credit/money creation.
It is mind blowing in disclosing just how long ago credit creation was widely recognised and debated, and how the Gold Standard was known by those in the banking fraternity to be a thing of ceremonial token gesture from the very beginning, a continuation of the Goldsmiths banking scam.
As for your normal world experts in slaveminded dribble;
1. A ceiling on rents reduces the quantity and quality of housing available. (93%)
A- Of the majority owned private rental investment properties of NZ who have market rent conditions, take a look how many are slum like hovels are nearly falling down.
I am not for a minute saying the state owned housing is in sad way either. Debt free BASED public credit could be used to repair them, just as it was used to build them.
2. Tariffs and import quotas usually reduce general economic welfare. (93%)
A - Only if you have to borrow to implement import substitution and have unilateral international reserve currency.
With only low tariffs now and the free trade agreement with China, New Zealand is close to becoming a free trade economy like Hong Kong and Singapore.)
Nearly becoming what their anointed leader JK was groomed to implement, a financial services tax haven for the worlds elite, where the majority live in poverty, controlled by hard line law, while the locally recruited co-operative few accumulate fortunes in
payment for services rendered.
3. Flexible and floating exchange rates offer an effective monetary arrangement. (90%)
A- The so-called automatic stabilizers are absolute bunkum. Corresponding increases in your foreign held debt when your currency drops are never compensated by increased exports.
4. Fiscal policy (eg tax cut and/or government expenditure increase) has a significant stimulative impact on a less than fully employed economy. (90%)
A - Because it sees more money enter the banking system, thus the money supply is increased by the credit creation expansion mechanisms. Its false stimulus indebting future generations who have to repay the credit two or three times over with compounding interest.
5. The United States should not restrict employers form outsourcing work to foreign countries. (90%).
A- To condone slavery, is to invite it!
6. The United States should eliminate agricultural subsidies. (85%)
A- Only if the international monetary system is reformed.
7. Local and state governments should eliminate subsidies to professional sports franchises. (85%)
A- Only if the credit creation process is not nationalized.
8. If the federal budget is to be balanced, it should be done over the business cycle rather than yearly. 85%)
A - The "Insiders" only want it done on the business cycle because the business cycle is far more rigged than random by way of the tag team of banking and markets, thus allowing them to sell high and buy low with repeated miraculous timing.
9. Cash payments increase the welfare of recipients to a greater degree than do transfers-in-kind of equal cash value. (84%)
A - Having possession of the accepted means of exchange gives you choice and freedom. Anything else offered can also be traded by barter, thus it is hard to try and influence good life choices by the means of transfers in kind.
10. A minimum wage increases unemployment among young and unskilled workers.
(79%)
If you have free trade agreements with low wage advantaged, even overt slavery economies, as their goods decimate your manufacturing and your unemployment increases, the slaveminded raiders from near and far would eventually reduce your labour force to the same.
Nice rebuttal, Iain. What interests
Nice rebuttal, Iain.
What interests me about Roger Kerr's points - basically aside from the minimum wage one - NZ has basically implemented each of the prescriptions - so, in theory - "she'll be right here!".