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NZ's private savings need to increase as Boomers start retiring, BNZ says
BNZ economist Mark Walton has argued how crucial it is that New Zealand's private savings levels increase in the face of its aging population of Baby Boomers.
In BNZ's latest 'Economy Watch' publication, Walton looked at the 'tough policy decisions' that are going to have to be made in the near future, such as reduced per capita health care spending and the raising of taxes that will be forced by New Zealand's aging population.
The need for higher private savings levels is, of course, in the face of tens of thousands of New Zealanders having lost, or had frozen, billions of dollars in failed finance companies over the past few years, along with falls in portfolios of stocks and managed funds.
For most countries, New Zealand included, it'll be less a case of trying to halt the population aging process, and more trying to cope the best we can. In essence, this means that from a fiscal perspective something's got to give; either health spending per capita (much of which is directed toward the aged) will have to fall or tax rates will need to lift (or a combination of the two). Alongside a possible judgment about the retirement age, it's clear that a Government in the not-too-distant future is going to face some tough decisions. As it is, the 2009 Budget forecast a decade of fiscal deficits. The economic consequence of an aging population will be that much more obvious in 10 year's time. Returning to fiscal surplus, even a decade hence, could be considerably more difficult than many currently imagine.
The other thread to this, of course, is the postponement of Government contributions to the New Zealand Superannuation fund. The Budget foresaw a resumption in payments in 2021. One can't help but wonder, however, whether conditions will be any more conducive to making contributions then, than they are at present.
All of which serves to highlight how crucial it is for private savings levels to increase. Such sentiments will be anathema to businesses at present "“ it's a lift in consumer spending that many firms will be hoping for to boost revenues.
Walton looked at some solutions that may help with dealing with an aging population, such as raising the retirement age and introducing easier migration policies designed to bring in young migrants to fill the gaps left by older, retiring workers. However Walton concluded that these ideas could not be relied on to solve the problem facing the economy.
Perhaps the most obvious option for remedying the lifting dependency ratio problem is a mandatory hike in the retirement age. But other than the political hurdle "“which will require a certain degree of fortitude to clear, we imagine "“ it's not a step that will address the consequences of an aging population completely. There's plenty of evidence that suggests worker productivity drops off with age. Again, it sounds harsh, but it's a truism that replacing younger workers with older won't be enough.
Related Topics
And on migration:
Easier migration policies might also help. Migrants tend to be younger and, perhaps, have more children (and at a younger age) than the average New Zealander. Indeed, past influxes of migrants show up as smaller morsels in New Zealand's population snake, and have helped keep us young compared to many other developed countries.
But New Zealand cannot depend on migration to solve its aging population problems, either. Though net migration has helped New Zealand's population grow at relatively robust rates in the past, much of this growth has been due to sharp falls in departures, rather than higher inflows. This is certainly the case at the moment. It's not clear that falling departures help drag down the overall age of the population in the same way a genuine lift in new arrivals might. We suspect not.
And it may sound self-evident, but migrants have to come from somewhere. With the developed world all in the same boat, aging-wise, one suspects all governments will be doing all they can to keep their respective populaces intact. Attracting foreigners to these shores could become increasingly difficult.
So, Walton concludes, without a tradition of corporate contributions to superannuation as seen in the US, and without the historical legacy of a mandatory savings scheme like Australia's (established in 1992); "It's clear higher private savings rates will need to be part of the solution. They could aid the New Zealand situation immensely. And the incentives to save more are as strong as they have ever been."
Because it happens slowly, aging and its issues can be handled tomorrow, surely?
Well, not really. Indeed, the rubber hits the road, economically speaking, as soon as 2010 "“ less than six months away "“ when the first of the post-World War II baby-boomers reaches retirement age. This should serve as a wake-up call.
It is long, gradual, changes, such as aging, that can have the biggest impacts on the structure of an economy over the long term. It is unfortunate that they are also the most easily overlooked "“ or ignored. But the consequences of not addressing the impacts of New Zealand's aging population now, or soon, will be severe.
Why save? Government and Bollard
Why save? Government and Bollard want deposit rates down to next to nothing and that gives an after tax rate of 5/8ths of stuff all. Mind you we could get a better rate of return with a finance company. Are there any left standing? I cant see much incentive at all to save. Government will look after us! Cheers
What Walton says is largely
What Walton says is largely sensible - the need for more saving & increasing the retirement age etc. I'm not keen on reducing health spending, health being more important to me than having a new SUV, plasma TV, or overseas trip, but he's not recommending that, of course - just saying it is a consequence of the way NZ is heading
What gets me angry, tho is that BNZ of course has been a cheerleader for our consumer- & house-driven boom. Prepared to lend out shiploads for houses, while starving small businesses of credit - the very small businesses that might have grown into productive enterprises that could have improved the wealth of the country and payed taxes for long term health care etc.
Even very recently, Tony Alexander at the BNZ has been boosting up the house market, encouraging NZers to go back to the market as home owners or landlords, by telling us that prices have bottomed out & it is a good time to buy. Housing and landlording adds precisely zero to NZ's exports or productive growth, so BNZ is as culpable as any short-sighted politician on the issue of long-term saving.
Philly, I gave up on
Philly, I gave up on Tony Alexander a long time ago. He only rows in the BNZ boat. Guess he has to as they pay his salary. Cheers
I provided a solution to
I provided a solution to this problem a while back and I was ignored, as expected!
The RBNZ and the fools in the Beehive need to put upper loan limits in place. No more than 3 times the average annual income and no second mortgages allowed. The insane property bubble would implode in 24 hours. Incomes would easily cover mortgage repayments and leave room for greater saving encouraged by 10% tax on all dividends and interest earned by individuals.
Simple.
But it's sell fulfilling right?
But it's sell fulfilling right? As long as people think that borrowing and consuming leads to prosperity, it will happen.
The only spanner in the works is if (when!) we end up like the USA. Debt cannot grow faster than income forever. The US is reaping what it sowed in that respect.
Wally, You are right, but,
Wally, You are right, but, it has a flaw. The flaw being that its commonsense and as we all know that went the way of the Dodo way,way back in time. Cheers
"Walton looked at some solutions
"Walton looked at some solutions that may help with dealing with an aging population, such as raising the retirement age and introducing easier migration policies designed to bring in young migrants to fill the gaps left by older, retiring workers."
This doesn't make sense. If the retirement age is raised then older NZ'ers will carry on working so where are the jobs to be found for these young migrants?
97% of our money supply
97% of our money supply enters circulation as interest bearing debt from foreign sources. One would assume that in order that people are able to save they would probably pay down any debt they had first. That would then beg the question, where would the money then come from to be saved, because if all debt was repaid there would be no means of exchage in circulation, thus no trade able to occur. So whats with telling us to save or pay down debt like its the ultimate goal?
Iain: You might find this
Iain: You might find this article interesting.
http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/07/a-dubious-foundation/
Doug - nice article -
Doug - nice article -
"Politicians promote inflation thusly: The Fed pays the banking system for assets and then deposits newly created money in the banks or it extends credit to the banking system, either in the form of repurchase agreements or by encouraging increasingly dubious assets be held by banks in reserve against other credit the banks extend to the system. "Money" is literally created from thin air, which diminishes the purchasing power of all previously existing monetary units. Nominal prices for goods, services and assets must rise as a consequence."
As I say, they have us beleive that the ultimate goal is for everyone to have financial freedom, yet under the debt based monetary system if we were ever to be able to pay all our loans off there would be no money in circulation. How would trade occur?
Currently 97% of all money in circulation is interest bearing credit owed to the international banking network. You might be even more surprised to find out this is not something they dont admit, they just dont yell it from the roof top. This from RNNZ itself -
A private sector institution can also create money by
issuing claims on itself (ie, by accepting deposits) that
may be transferred between, and are generally accepted
by, members of the public as a means of payment. For
that matter, any institution that can maintain the public's
confidence that its liabilities will be generally accepted as
means of payment, can create money. Such an institution
will, in practice, also be in the business of creating credit,
which implies the issue of a greater value of claims on the
institution than the value of Reserve-Bank-issued money the
institution itself holds. In practice, by far the largest share
of money "“ 80 percent or more, depending on the measure
(discussed below) "“ is created by private sector institutions.
For simplicity, in what follows, we use "bank" to refer to any
institution that creates money or credit.
http://www.rbnz.govt.nz/research/bulletin/2007_2011/2008mar71_1.pdf
Want some more from their own mouths go to chapter 4 pgs 18-20 of this from NZ Bankers Association -
http://www.nzba.org.nz/pdfs/Banking%20in%20NZ-06-final.pdf
I've had a chat with
I've had a chat with Bill and John. They too think it would be a great idea to apply maximum mortgage protection limits and that 3 times the average annual income seems appropriate. That any money loaned on residential property above that max could not be secured through the courts by way of a mortgage. There would be freedon to make the loans but no security. Bill thinks it will mean an instant increase in the cost of credit on larger amounts and expects the demand to collapse. John agreed and looks forward to the end of the insane property speculative madness that is trapping Noddyland into a disfunctional economic bog of debt.
The crunch is coming faster
The crunch is coming faster than most Kiwis knows. If anything, the current rush by BB's into property as investment for future income stream will turn into more of a disaster than they would think can happen.
Coincidently, I came across an article by David Goldman about ageing population and deflation ala Japan and soon to be USA. It's going to be difficult to get out of this :
http://blog.atimes.net/?cat=1
And suprisingly, New Zealand is in the same boat as well !!
So the right plan is
So the right plan is to be out of property other than a meat producing freehold farm and out of Kiwi$ before the truck runs over it. Looks like the big shrink has started in the state sector. Wonder who's next. Bet the splurging in the PM's dept carries on carrying on.
why not stop taxing interest
why not stop taxing interest on savings, currently there is no incentive to save, low interest rates and then those are taxed to bugery
Key and English will do
Key and English will do nothing to throttle the property madness because they are scared the $30ooooooooo(billion) in high risk mortgage investments will destroy the image of the banks being safe. How it is that the fools in S&P cannot see how rotten the house of credit cards has become is beyond me but then they were blind to the same sort of sickness in the USSA. And so it is that the stupid public continue to be herded like cattle into property deals that turn a fat profit for agents and brokers and chain families to banks for eternity. All this going on when we know dam well a wall of inflation will arrive. Good government? Not Bloody Likely. Who will be there to explain to the Smiths that the reason they are expected to pay $40ooo a year in interest alone on their $400ooo mortgage. And that rates are expected to climb well above 10%! Try the 18% rates that were here in the 70s. That'll be $72000 please.
Wally - study the history
Wally - study the history of S&P you find it was created by the captains of commerce to work in favour of the captains of commerce.
http://www.interest.co.nz/ratesblog/index.php/2009/07/10/police-credit-u...
It sucks Iain !
It sucks Iain !
Wally - inform as many
Wally - inform as many as you can of the ruse while we still have the remnants of a democracy that might allow a diplomatic revival of common decency.
nat - want to know why we get taxed to buggery -
http://www.interest.co.nz/ratesblog/index.php/2009/07/10/top-10-at-10-mo...
want to know what the solution has in the past been and will always remain -
Why don't we cut out the middle man, or rather start man, who is ripping us blind. They did not earn the money they loan out, its nobodies redistributed savings.Reclaimed RBNZ or National Monetary Authority issue its own created credit, written into existence as a debt book entry, just as the private banks do now, then spend that money into circulation to build and maintain our social infrastructure, meaning our monetary base would enter circulation debt free backed by the physical and social service assets it creates, such as sustainable energy projects etc. It would then enter the internal banking system debt free. Reducing the cost of credit/money down the foodchain, meaning the basically decent majority of businesses and citizens get a fair level of return for effort. Kiwibank gives us the infrastructure to distribute our own money supply should foreign banks threaten to leave us without a means of distribution of our means of exchange, which is exactly what they could hold over us at present if not for the existance of TSB and Kiwibank.
Our Reserve Bank could issue loans to Local Government for worthy projects at a rate of interest that covers administration costs only, not in excess of 1%. Could issue loans to first home buyers the same. As our own money supply comes into circulation our current account deficit would recede as our private bank foreign debt is paid down. All levies being imposed to currently service foreign debt could be reduced in sync. Just as the private systems claims it does now but doesn't, no more created credit would be issued than the obvious boundaries of natural resources. Taxes reduced to a bear minimum. No need to invest money in dodgy investments to keep up with inflation caused by how our monetary base currently enters circulation with compounding interest attached. You only need to find safe storage for your money as it will have the same purchasing power as the day you earned it.
All money enters circulation in a productive manner, no money is given away, all money is paid back. Its not a free ride system, its a fair ride system.
The argument that immigration can
The argument that immigration can somehow mitigate the coming "˜boomer' crisis is interesting. Of course, the establishment (and the vested interests that command them) constantly insists that mass immigration "˜benefits the economy'.
Yet, if we calmly look at domiciles that have received such mass immigration since World War 2 (Britain, The United States, Western Europe, Australia, & New Zealand etc) we find a common "“ and disturbing "“ pattern:
1) Massive and ultimately unsustainable deficits on the current account.
2) Chronic government deficits with flabbergasting levels of future unfunded liabilities.
3) Large scale erosion of manufacturing bases and declines in intellectual capital.
4) High levels of structural youth unemployment and even greater under-employment.
5) Hugely damaging misallocation of resources to residential housing speculation.
6) Chronic excessive money supply growth with associated erosion of real capital.
7) A culture of litigation and entitlement.
8) The progressive erosion of historic civil liberties.
9) The vilifying of anyone who questions any aspect of immigration policy as 'fascist'.
10) The use of poorly paid migrants as a subsidized workforce for 'favoured interests'.
Moreover, is there not something offensive in reducing migrants (who are people, families etc) to mere 'units of human capital' - who are then expected to work to support both themselves and a voracious cabal of Kiwi 'boomers' whose economic illiteracy is bankrupting the nation?
Wally, I well remember interest
Wally, I well remember interest rates at 22%+. People that were in the cart then saw they could get money from overseas at say 10-12%. Sounded really good so off they went and borrowed plenty. Things went along well and they all felt pleased with themselves. Next thing the NZ$ started going down and down and down. The cheap overseas money was now very expensive money. I saw lots of Farms and Business's go under and have to be sold at that time. I guess history will repeat it self somewhere along the line. Cheers
You got that right Bobby,
You got that right Bobby, I remember that now. Hell of a lot of screaming at the time. Jeez, we have a few of the 'top' US academic economists suggesting the inflation on its way could be worse than the 70s. Imagine 22% on a $400ooo mortgage. That'll be when the crappy house of rotten cards really turns to mush and the Kiwi$ with it. Wonder if Key and English have their excuses ready. "WE did everything we could to prevent this happening" "WE can't be blamed" "Not our job to throttle a bubble"
Yesssir we sure do have us a bright and prosperous future and best of all we know dam well we will be seeing Sir Alan Bollard and Sir John Key and Sir Bill English enjoying their retirement on their state pensions.
EVERY year houses prices remain
EVERY year houses prices remain high, another batch of FTBers take on average an additional 150,000 in debt than their parents had to. Further up the ladder households are taking an additional 2-300,000 more in debt to move up the ladder. This is mostly financed offshore. THIS IS KILLING THE ECONOMY. The double whammy of increasing our obscene debt levels at a time when we need to do the complete opposite has convinced me to take all my money out of NZ. There is simply NO AVOIDING AN ICELANDIC STYLE MELTDOWN.
I wonder if the people
I wonder if the people who make decisions in NZ actually read some of the ideas and problems with NZ that are discussed here, because they do make sense. The problem with raising the retirement age, is that it takes time to adjust it, because people who are due to retire soon must adjust their savings to cope with the extra few years the have to cover. As it won't be changed for another two years at least, as it isn't even on the table, it will just mean that a change in retirement age entitlement could be at least 5 years away. Australia however sets the precedent. Tying retirement age to life expectecy is a good idea, however people age at different rates. Smokes tend to be older, and die earlier, than non smokers. Polititians have a conflict of interest with property, as they are hardly going to approve a bill for property tax reform, when they all/most own properties themselves.
So what's it to be
So what's it to be Jimmy? What'll be the final straw to bring down this sick camel?
Kin: very, add in after
Kin: very, add in after a decade, actually 18 years Japan is still in the same position....it never really recovered...
BB's switching to saving not only takes away consumer spending but also the multiple tax cuts the Govn gets, there is less repeated churn so less repeat GST and PAYE, downgradign to smaller cars, less petrol tax...etc etc.....
Wally: the descent % rate
Wally: the descent % rate after Peak oil.....which is now 1~4 years in the past....
There is NO point in
There is NO point in saving. I have been a saver for decades but relatively become poorer when compared to my friends who are earning little over half of my income. They took huge mortgage and built a big house and much wealthier than me now.
The interest received after 39% tax has always been below the rate of inflation. The house price afflation was much higher than the general inflation. The home-owners do not pay any tax on the capital gains after all. When I retire in 10 years time, I will not be as wealthier as my friends. House prices will not fall as much in the next 10 years because the whole economy has been tied to house/farm securities for lending.
BNZ economist should advice his own peers on banks' past ways of lending too much without equity, even to those on DPB or 16 year olds. The banks are doing lip service to savers and I simple do not trust them. Their interest is just short-term profits and not the welfare of the local savers. They make more profit creating debt with offshore borrowing, and not by the way banks traditionally used to function.
sam.p: and the wealth is
sam.p: and the wealth is in their house? compare apples with apples.
regards
sam.p: Invest in yourself. Start
sam.p:
Invest in yourself. Start a small business, manage it prudently, and when it begins to grow, hire good people to help you.
<i>Invest in yourself. Start a
Invest in yourself. Start a small business, manage it prudently, and when it begins to grow, hire good people to help you.
& the problem is finding good people that you can trust. Starting a business is also not easy, and not for everyone.
Sure hope if John Banks
Sure hope if John Banks and his entrepreneurial mates get hold of Auckland Super City they dont go putting Aucklands "Capital Value" up as colateral for the no doubt increased local govt bond issues as Dunedin did, explained below -
Reserve Bank funding the only sustainable option
"Reserve Bank grants, interest-free loans and low interest loans should be available to local bodies to fund infrastructure projects" said Democrats for Social Credit Leader Stephnie de Ruyter, responding to information published in the Otago Daily Times about DunedinCity Council borrowing levels.
Yesterday's edition of Otago Daily Times (4.11.08) reports that "˜Interest on the $92.8 million the Dunedin City Council plans to borrow this year is set to cost the city $9.5 million a year for the next 20 years (totalling $190 million). More is expected to be borrowed next year. The capital value of Dunedin city will be used as security for the loans, effectively meaning banks could place a claim on rates income if the city was unable to meet its repayments. The council will borrow $45.8 million to be repaid over 20 years at 7.5%, and $46.9 million at 9% on an interest-only basis. The gross interest expense will represent 14.4% of total rates revenues.'
"This indicates that funding issues are driving high percentage rates increases, causing hardship to many ratepayers and stalling necessary infrastructure upgrades. It reflects the folly of the present narrow funding mechanisms" Ms de Ruyter stated.
"By utilising our publicly-owned Reserve Bank of New Zealand, instead of borrowing from commercial trading banks, our country's infrastructure and community project needs could be met without the burden of interest-bearing debt. We would then pay for these projects once, not two or three times over. And tomorrow's ratepayers would no longer be encumbered with servicing yesterday's debts" she said.
Ms de Ruyter noted that this was an example of applied social credit.
"The current practice of gathering local body funding through rates, taxes, fees, fines, government subsidies and top-ups is clearly unsustainable and unaffordable: the burden on ratepayers, residents and taxpayers is too great.
"The government must look to the publicly-owned Reserve Bank to fund essential infrastructure development. It is the only sustainable, ethical funding option suitable for this purpose" Ms de Ruyter concluded.
http://www.democrats.org.nz/OurNews/MediaReleases/tabid/111/selectedmodu...
I agree with others here
I agree with others here who see the hypocritical stance of BNZ stating we should save more when they have been doing their mightiest to spend spend spend and to get in debt these past 6 years
by the way did anyone else read Rod Oram's wise piece in the paper today? I've got a lot of time for that fella
Yeh I did Matt, expanded
Yeh I did Matt, expanded on it here -
http://www.interest.co.nz/ratesblog/index.php/2009/07/10/top-10-at-10-mo...
I add further to above this from the US Federal Reserve -
Book Entry Procedure
A book-entry program has largely replaced paper U.S. Government and agency securities with computer entries at Reserve Banks.
Book entry offers both security and efficiency advantages over paper certificates.
The Treasury offers new bills, notes and bonds only in book-entry form.
The book-entry program of the Federal Reserve, United States Treasury and several federal and international agencies has succeeded in largely replacing paper U.S. Government and agency securities with computer entries at Reserve Banks. By eliminating certificates, government and agency securities are better safeguarded and more rapidly transferred by the nation's depository institutions.
Securities in book-entry form are less vulnerable to theft and loss, can't be counterfeited and don't require counting or recording by certificate number. In addition, owners do not submit coupons to obtain interest payments or present certificates to redeem securities.
As of year end 1988, about $1.8 trillion, or 98.7 percent of the outstanding marketable Treasury debt, was in book-entry form. All Treasury securities held in physical form by depository institutions"”whether owned by them or held on behalf of others"”are eligible for conversion to book entry and for transfer by wire.
http://www.newyorkfed.org/aboutthefed/fedpoint/fed05.html
This from 1993 - Whole
This from 1993 - Whole loan book entry: a blueprint for the future - adds to the above and goes along way to explaining the madness that has followed as the house of cards has collapsed-
How do you eat an elephant? One bite at a time. How do you build an electronic central registry for interests in mortgages? Byte by byte.
A few months ago, the concept of a whole-loan book-entry system for the registration of interests in mortgages was introduced in these pages. To recap briefly, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac joined together with the Mortgage Bankers Association of America (MBA) through MBA's InterAgency Technology Task Force (IAT) to explore whether or not paper mortgage assignments could be eliminated for new loans. The premise behind the idea is to replace the transfer of paper with an electronic exchange of information using a standardized electronic format (electronic data interchange or EDI).
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb5246/is_n1_v54/ai_n28630291/