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Top 10 at 10: Australia's house price bubble; Worse than the Depression; US$4 trln toxic asset pile

Posted in News

Here's my top 10 links from around the Internet at 10 pm. I welcome your suggestions in the comments below.

Here's a link that every observer of Australian house prices should read. It is an exhaustive analysis of all the data over there and a response to a recent Reserve Bank of Australia comment that Australian house prices were not overvalued because of a supply shortage. The author of this analysis, Steve Keen, is now famous in Australia as the madman shouting from the corner about how everyone is wrong and that house prices are over valued and likely to fall. H/T Hugh PavletichThis is well worth a read.

So what might happen after the global economy recovers? John Thornhill at the FT.com takes a stab after a talk fest with some economists including Nouriel Roubini. He says (and I agree) that the Global Financial Crisis won't end until the toxic debt problem is dealt with and governments start repaying all the debt they will build up in the next couple of years. Here's a taste.

Many policymakers still seem to believe the global economy will revert to its previous pattern. One glorious morning US consumers will begin borrowing and spending again while the Chinese will continue to manufacture and save. But with US households having lost an estimated $12,000bn of wealth, the world is desperately in need of a new consumer. "The only region that is mathematically capable of replacing US consumer demand [Europe] is the least likely to do so," grumbled one participant.

Fiscal stimuli "“ even on a huge scale "“ would also be limited in effectiveness until toxic assets had been thoroughly cleansed from the banking system.

The four options to redress public finances "“ default, inflation, increased taxes, or decreased spending "“ are also economically unpalatable and, in political terms, potentially lethal.

For the moment, labour militancy has been relatively restrained as many employees fear losing their jobs. But as economic prospects brighten so will employees' demands for higher pay and greater protection.

The danger is that things will grow worse politically just as they improve economically.

Here's a fascinating chart showing that New Zealand electricity consumption in 2009 is running around 5% below what it was last year, stripping out the ups and downs for weather and holidays. This is reasonable proxy for GDP and begs the question: why aren't retail electricity prices falling now that demand has dropped? Maybe our market is fundamentally not competitive.

The Global Great Recession is already worse than at the same time in the Great Depression of the 1930s, say two serious academic economists in this Tale of Two Depressions. HT TVHE

The picture for global trade now vs then is just frightening.

 

To sum up, globally we are tracking or doing even worse than the Great Depression, whether the metric is industrial production, exports or equity valuations. Focusing on the US causes one to minimise this alarming fact. The "Great Recession" label may turn out to be too optimistic. This is a Depression-sized event.

That said, we are only one year into the current crisis, whereas after 1929 the world economy continued to shrink for three successive years. What matters now is that policy makers arrest the decline.

The piece goes on to point out that the fiscal and monetary responses this time around are much more aggressive than those in the 1930s, but that the jury is out on whether a full scale depression can be avoided.

Martin Wolf at FT.com has a thoughtful piece here on why the real work to fix the global economy has to be done by America and China. He looks ahead to the next crisis.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development forecasts a jump in US public debt of almost 40 per cent of gross domestic product over three years. It is quite likely, therefore, that the next crisis will be triggered by what markets see as excessive fiscal debt in countries with large structural current account deficits, notably the US. If so, that could prove a critical moment for the international economic system.

Here's the other side of the story. John Gapper at the FT.com says bank nationalisation is no panacea because governments are bad owners of banks and the necessary recapitalisations would be enormous.

John Taplin points out that the Baltic Dry Index, an early indicator of trade in bulk goods, has bounced and is another sign of a recovery in the global economy. Here's the chart.

The great US consumer deleveraging has only just started, Rolfe Winkler at Option ARMageddon points out in noting figures overnight showing a 3.5% fall in consumer credit in February. He says the consumer slowdown has much further to run, as the chart shows given the enormous growth from 2003 to 2007.

For the economy to recover, consumers need to repair their balance sheets, which means debt has to be paid down or written off.  The ride up the credit mountain sure was fun.  The ride down won't be.

Ireland is in deep trouble, announcing big tax increases and spending cuts overnight to reduce a budget deficit that is well over 10% of GDP, Bloomberg reported. This followed a credit rating downgrade because of a budget deficit and debt track that was unacceptable to Ireland's lenders. Sound familiar?

TimesOnline says the IMF is set to revise its global toxic debts forecast to US$4 trillion from its previous forecast of US$2.2 trillion. So far banks globally have written off US$1.29 trillion of assets. Even Nouriel Roubini, Dr Doom, is only forecasting US$3.6 trillion.

And most people think the worst is over.

I don't think so.

We welcome your help to improve our coverage of this issue. Any examples or experiences to relate? Any links to other news, data or research to shed more light on this? Any insight or views on what might happen next or what should happen next? Any errors to correct?

We welcome your comments below. If you are not already registered, please register to comment in the box on the right or click on the "'Register" link at the bottom of the comments. Remember we welcome robust, respectful and insightful debate. We don't welcome abusive or defamatory comments and will de-register those repeatedly making these comments.

On that electricity demand chart,

On that electricity demand chart, isn't Tiwai still running at 2/3rds capacity?

For readers not aware of

For readers not aware of Steve Keen - he is the Associate Professor of Economics at the University of New South Wales - who is very much "his own man".

As Bernard quite rightly states - his paper "Lies, Damn Lies and Housing Statistics" is well worth a close read. Of particular note is the graph by Case Shiller of the US housing market since 1890 - with an overlay by Stapledon of the Australian housing market over that period.

It is hoped economists / researchers here in New Zealand provide us with an overlay of the New Zealand market over that period as well.

The RBA speeches certainly attempt to show the Australian housing market in a rather favourable light.

Outside of this however - there is deep concern that the Australian housing markets are grossly overcooked - and only propped up by the First Home Owners Grants (FHOG) of $21,000 for new homes - $14,000 for existing - due for review in the next few months.

Above the bottom end of the market - prices are falling.

It appears the Australian Federal Government could be pouring about $200 million a month in to the FHOG. The whole thing is a nonsense - and illustrates the power of property lobby groups there. The FHOG is in reality a "property industry mates welfare programme".

The sad thing is that its enticing too many young and poor people in to excessive mortgages - as the economy is winding down, with rising unemployment.

The political and commercial interests however are acutely aware of the consequences of the massive housing bubbles collapsing in Australia. This years Demographia Survey www.demographia.com clearly illustrates the gravity of the situation.

Bubbles - by their very nature are never sustainable of course.

I believe NZ real estate

I believe NZ real estate is as expensive as Australia's RE , if its not even more over-valued when you apply the issue of affordability based on average incomes.

At over 3 to a maximum of 4 years gross income, you are not buying a home,
you have indentured yourself to the bank for the next 25 to 30 years.

We don't need grants.
We need 'prices' that the average person can afford, not the over-priced valuations from fantasy land.

Miguel, Good point on Tiwai

Miguel,
Good point on Tiwai Point. Would it be big enough though to have that effect? Does its electricity consumption punch above its GDP weight?
cheers
Bernard

Bernard - that John Taplin

Bernard - that John Taplin piece on the Baltic Dry Index is already horribly out of date. Having bounced up from recent record lows in the 660's to around 2300 the index has recently dropped rapidly again in the past month to 1466 (around 30% down from the mini bounce). Likewise the copper price which bounced on China building a strategic stockpile (and which other punters got excited about) is now showing weakness as that temporary prop is pulled away - signs of a global bounce in trade? The bounce appears to have been of the moribund feline variety........
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/quote?ticker=bdiy&exch=IND&x=15&y=11

The definition of insanity is

The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again expecting different results. This is exactly what most foreign economies are engaging in. They are trying desperately to encourage the status quo. This is not the greater depression or event he great recession this is the great correction. We are seeing a fundamental economic shift from the west to the east. It may take a couple years or even a few decades, but it will happen.

I was working in Australia

I was working in Australia when the Howard government introduced the First Home Owners Grant. They set it at $ 7000, then. Almost immediately the cost of houses across the country popped up by the same amount. Curious that our departed Labour government were contemplating a similar scheme here. With razor sharp thinking like that, Michael Cullen will finish off the job at NZ Post that the Internet has started.

Bernard - Tiwai basically needs

Bernard - Tiwai basically needs its own power station, so yes it's big. Also, remember that GDP measures value-added rather than value, so I'd say that Tiwai definitiely punches above its weight for electricity use vs output.

Thought this was more than

Thought this was more than a little interesting - kiwifruit being dumped to prop up the price:

http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/industries/2324800/Kiwifruit-dumped-to-p...

""Kiwifruit growers, hit hard by a global slump in demand, have to destroy a million trays, or 3.6 million kilograms of green export fruit.

Details of the dumping are outlined in a letter from the industry's export marketer, Zespri, to 3000 New Zealand growers late last month allocating them their quota to be destroyed.

The dumping has to be done over the next two months, and more looks likely unless the recession eases next year, say the chief executives of listed kiwifruit companies Satara, Wes Anderson Smith and Seeka's Michael Franks''.

Hang on a minute - I thought the mantra was 'NZ will do just fine in the recession/depression because people always need to eat' ?
I can tell you now from Tasman that at least one other of our agri-businesses (wine) is feeling more than a little queezy about the international demand situation.

Andy, are you sure they're

Andy,

are you sure they're not just queezy because they feel there's only one way to get rid of all the excess wine from last year?

LOL, Alex thou art a

LOL, Alex thou art a wag........

Absolutely required watching if you want to understand the true nature of the unemployment situation in the US (and one which should convince you that in fact we are rapidly approaching depression levels of unemployment in that former economic powerhouse):

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUOiOi-XaoQ&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fglobalecono...

Re Electricity - NZ's total

Re Electricity - NZ's total gen capacity is around 8,600MW growing to ~10,000MW by 2010 (Meridian). Tiwai cut consumption 30MW (5%) & Tiwai is fed from Manipuri so it's effect on those consumption figures may not be that significant.
I believe the electricity market fails us on the retail side. We are seeing healthy investment in generation but high fixed rates on the retail side - consider average wholesale rates of <10c vs. retail rates of well over 20c - there is a lot more than ~40% or so transmission losses and line charges hitting us. I'm hoping smart meters which will allow time of use billing will eventually see retailers offer competitive deals on a margin basis - so you pay wholesale plus a margin on what-ever the spot rate is. Imagine that - a market which balances supply and demand through a pricing mechanism!

Dumping fruit! surely it could be stockpiled as ethanol, jam, dried fruit, feed supplement..

Zespri should donate the fruit

Zespri should donate the fruit to schools or charities to give out to people who are struggling.

Shame on them for dumping good produce instead of using it fruitfully (pun intended).

Andy, Yes. You're right. Baltic

Andy,

Yes. You're right. Baltic Dry decidedly weak in last couple of weeks. Fair point. It does seem to have hit a bottom of sorts though since November. Still above its lows.
cheers
Bernard

@Bernard Re elec consumption vs

@Bernard
Re elec consumption vs price. Does this chart not show that prices *are* lower given the lower demand? [scroll down to the avg daily prices for Jan -> Mar]. Or am I missing something.

http://www.energylink.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/mr-09-04-05-issue...

Cheers
Andy C

Re Elec - yes exactly,

Re Elec - yes exactly, supply and price mech on the wholesale side are working fine however not on the retail/residential side - & I am suggesting this is due to our old meters which require retailers to build everything into fixed rates. Ripple control relays on water heating has done a lot there with day/night rates but the real transformation I hope to see may come with the installation of smart meters and half hourly billing.

That is an interesting article

That is an interesting article by Steve Keen and in particular his reference to the kind of thinking that exacerbate the kind of problems we see in the housing/property market:

"Australia is not therefore justified in being "relaxed and comfortable" about house prices, despite the RBA's assurances to the contrary.

This would not be an issue were the RBA simply another property market advocate: it's common practice for both sides of the property market to quote data that supports one side and ignore the other. However, the RBA is not supposed to take sides in this debate, but instead to set monetary policy in the best interests of Australia as a whole.

I have argued consistently that, in common with Central Banks throughout the world, the RBA has failed in this task because it has followed an economic philosophy"“known as "neoclassical economics""“that is fundamentally flawed. But this is something that, in some ways, the RBA can't really be held accountable for: its economists are simply a product of academic economics departments around the world, and since these are dominated by neoclassical economists, most graduates are not going to know that there is any other way to think about the economy."

As an alternative to "neoclassical economics" the two texts listed below take a 'complex adaptive systems' approach, and I have completed reviews of them that can be down loaded from the NZMEA website:

Culture and Prosperity: the truth about markets "“ why some nations are rich but most remain poor. John Kay, 2003, Harper Business.

The Origin of Wealth - Evolution, Complexity, and the Radical Remaking of Economics. Eric D. Beinhocker, 2006, Harvard Business School Press.

from the top part of this page:

http://www.mea.org.nz/events.aspx

Dismal....

I tracked back to John

I tracked back to John Gappers article, originally posted 21 Jan 2009. Not exactly new material. But I think the statement "bank nationalisation is no panacea because governments are bad owners of banks" needs to be analysed. We need to differentiate between the MONETARY SYSTEM and the BANKING SYSTEM. The two functions are separate. The CREDIT CRISIS has been brought about by the ABUSE OF FRACTIONAL RESERVE CREDIT CREATION by the BANKS. The fractional reserve system allows the CREATION of CREDIT/MONEY as a manufactured book entry, by a multiplication factor of deposits. The lending of this new 'money' at interest then creates a spiralling debt leverage and profits for the banks as long as no debtor defaults. When the inevitable defaulting begins, the leverage goes into reverse and the valley becomes as deep as the mountain was high.
The correct statement that Mr Gapper should have made, in my opinion, is " Banks are bad owners of the Money Creation power, and should have it stripped from them, and just do their job of storage, transaction and lending of owned assets". Governments, on behalf of citizens, by 'BAILING OUT' these failed banks, have shown that the real security of any money system is the productivity of the citizens and the natural wealth of the nation. So in fact, a stable democratically elected, checked and balanced, GOVERNMENT IS THE BEST GUARDIAN OF A STABLE MONEY SUPPLY. ( Zimbabwe is a failed state, just as certain banks have failed). When the constitution of the United States of America was decided upon, they provide for the separation of powers: the Executive, the Legislature, and the Judicial. They also provide for the Monetary system to be the sovereign right of Congress, and the BANKS have subtly usurped this power to themselves through the creation of the Federal Reserve Act 1913 - ref Wikipedia.
The creation of money is a SOVEREIGN RESPONSIBILITY OF GOVERNMENT BY LAW and needs to be balanced against the PRODUCTIVITY OF THE NATION. The BANKING SYSTEM is the function of book-keeping and storage of the money and enabling the transactions between parties.
So the real solution for the future is the NATIONALISATION of the MONETARY SYSTEM, but NOT the BANKS. The banks need to have the Fractional Reserve Money Expansion fraud License, removed from their power. Governments can then create sufficient money supply for the nation's economy by bringing it into existence as non-interest bearing debt. This removes the burden of compounding interest on the nation's taxpayers and allows the wealth of the nation to be released rather than captured by the International Banking Cartels through the present Fractional Reserve Money Creation system, where whole nations are held in debt slavery ( witness the third world and the IMF slavery - same system )
Wake up Bernard Hickey and your 'educated' colleagues - are you blind, or do you choose not to see - let's have some real presentation of alternatives here, not regurgitated 'robot ' mentality.

Have a nice day - will you allow me the academic freedom to post this response?
John Kelly

The Prof Steve Keen article

The Prof Steve Keen article "Lies, Damn Lies and Housing Statistics iis now posted on the Australian Business Spectator website (and on US websites too) - for those who wish to read a greater diversity of comments.

Steve is a great guy (we had an most enjoyable time when I was last in Sydney) - but he has yet to get his head around the structural approach to urban economics. His focus is "money". In having said that - we both come to the same conclusions with respect to the enormity of these housing bubbles.

Hugh Pavletich

Many farmers’ world- wide growing

Many farmers' world- wide growing especially middle and high range products will be driven out of business. The selection of goods on the shelves is already smaller. As I said to our grocery- shop owner months ago: "Welcome to a new/ old potato culture" = deja vu!

In other industries it is even more complicated because most big manufacturers rely on smaller, but struggling or even bankrupted suppliers. A very dangers scenario for any economy appears when the chain of supply is interrupted.

John Kelly, Well written. I

John Kelly,
Well written. I like the plain language informative style.
You don't have to worry about Bernard allowing you your say, within limits of decent behaviour of course. Myself and Bernard have had our ups and downs, but in the end it must be said he upholds his side of the Fourth Estate bargain in allowing a forum for balanced debate.
I believe Bernards intentions are sincere, just like so many at present a little confused and all over the place.