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Fresh burst of supply-chain inflation; weak demand for US Treasury bonds; China house price falls ease; China retail weak, industrial production questionable; UST 10yr at 5.01%; gold dips, oil rises as Hormuz closes; NZ$1 = 57.6 USc; TWI-5 = 61

Economy / news
Fresh burst of supply-chain inflation; weak demand for US Treasury bonds; China house price falls ease; China retail weak, industrial production questionable; UST 10yr at 5.01%; gold dips, oil rises as Hormuz closes; NZ$1 = 57.6 USc; TWI-5 = 61
breakfast

Here's our summary of key economic events overnight that affect New Zealand, with news today markets are reacting to another sharp rise in the crude oil price combined with another surge in benchmark interest rates. In the US that is coupled with a troubling fall-off in demand for their latest US Treasury bond auction.

First today however, there was a full dairy auction overnight and prices slipped -1.1% overall in USD although are up +1.1% in NZD. Within that, there were some wide swings; butter fell -5.7%, but cheddar cheese was up +16.5%. Mozzarella was down -6.0%. However the powders only had small moves with SMP up +0.1% while WMP eased -0.8%. It seems unlikely that this auction would trigger any reassessment of farm gate payout forecasts.

In the US, the ADP weekly report on hiring in private payrolls ticked up last week to +16,750, a second week of a small gain.

After delivering a string of strong gains, the NY Fed's survey of New York factories was much tamer in their September report. And that was probably because pricing pressures intensified in a fresh burst of supply-chain inflation. The overall situation there is a modest expansion now.

Meanwhile, US fuel prices for petrol and diesel continue to push higher, up +45% from the start of Trump's war, and +4% of that happened in the past seven days.

The overnight US Treasury 20yr bond auction delivered a median yield of 5.36% (high 5.42%), and that is up from the prior equivalent event a month ago of 5.15%. Demand at US$33.4 bln was noticeably lower than the prior US$42.5 bln, an outsized and unusual -21% drop and a worrying sign for them.

Tomorrow's Fed meeting is widely expected to deliver a +25 bps rate hike, with more priced in, which is likely to infuriate the US President, already boiling after losing a Supreme Court ruling he needed to thwart upcoming US elections. A Fed rate hike could bring fireworks from him.

Across the Pacific, China's new-built house prices have stopped falling overall. This is largely due to small rises in some of their largest cities. However in a majority of their seventy largest cities, new house prices fell or were unchanged. For second and third tier cities they are still falling although at a slower rate. For existing homes, they are still declining too.

And staying in China, their retail sales rose a meagre +0.4% in August from a year ago, less than their low inflation levels and slowing from a +0.6% gain in July. And that was only half the expected +0.8% increase. There was weak demand for big-ticket items, with car sales down a very sharp -18.5%, furniture was down -7.9%, building materials -11.8%, and gold and silver jewelry sales fell -17.5%. If it wasn't for the sharp fall in car sales, the rest would have been up +2.5%, helped by cosmetics, hospitality, and appliances.

China said its industrial production rose +5.2% in real terms in August from a year ago. However, China's electricity production was basically stable in August, essentially matching the July level and up just +0.8% from year-ago levels.

The UST 10yr yield is now just on 5.01%, up +5 bps from yesterday and its highest since 2007. The 30 year yield is at 5.38%, also up +5 bps. The key 2-10 yield curve is now at +35 bps (up +1 bp). Their 1-5 curve is now at +46 bps (+3 bps) and the 3 mth-10yr curve is at +116 bps (+6 bps). The China 10 year bond rate is little-changed at 1.69%. The Japanese 10 year bond yield is now at 3.04%, up +4 bps. The Australian 10 year bond yield starts today at 5.40%, up +6 bps from yesterday. The NZ Government 10 year bond rate is now at 5.07%, up its own +3 bps.

Wall Street is lower again today, down another -0.5% in Tuesday trade on the S&P500, and down -0.8% on the Nasdaq. Overnight, European markets were lower between Lindon's -0.4% rise and Frankfurt's -0.2%. Yesterday Tokyo ended little-changed. Hong Kong was down -1.0% and Shanghai fell -0.5%. Singapore was fell a hard -1.4%. The ASX ended its Tuesday trade down -0.9%. And the NZX50 fell -0.6%.

The price of gold is now at US$4294/oz, and down -US$16 from yesterday at this time. Silver is at just under US$63.50/oz and unchanged.

Oil prices have jumped +US$4.50 to US$106.50/bbl in the US, while the international Brent price is up US$3 to just on US$109/bbl. Hormuz transits have essentially stopped today with just two ships exiting over the past 24 hours, no tankers escorted (0 dark with transponders off) and six entering for new loads (1 dark). The Red Sea activity is still at about 20 each way at the Yemen chokepoint.

The Kiwi dollar is down another -20 bps from yesterday, now at 57.6 USc. Against the Aussie we are also down -20 bps at 80.8 AUc. Against the euro we are down -10 bps to just on 49.9 euro cents. That all means our TWI-5 starts today at just on 61, down -20 bps and a six-week low.

The bitcoin price starts today at US$76,779 and down -2.7% from yesterday. Volatility over the past 24 hours has been moderate at just under +/-2.5%.

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41 Comments

7th paragraph last sentence.Had an unfortunate instant recall of the last moment of the Monty Python sketch wherein the fattest man in the world got overfed, one wafer too much, by John Cleese.

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Ah yes, Mr. Creosote.

Didn't end well for him

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"Fiscal dominance", "Financial repression"

I invite readers here to fully understand these meaning.  I am convinced that we are in the process of transitioning towards fiscal dominance and financial repression.  "Fiscal" relates to government matters, "Monetary" relates to central bank matters.  In normal times a country's finances and economy is dominated by their central bank, which is supposed to be independent from the government (= monetary dominance).  It sets interest rates to control inflation and often maximum employment.  When a country is suffocating under unbearable amounts of debt, and the price of this debt is rising sharply through bond yields, such that it threatens the financial survival of the country, the government supersedes the central bank and it takes control of the financial and economic matters.  The government will then suppress interest rates and increase credit supply (Q E), which will lead to runaway inflation and a devaluation of their currency to a level which allows the country to breath again.  People with savings lose out, effectively paying for this transition, people with hard assets will preserve their wealth.  We are fast approaching this stage.

Warsh may rise the Fed rate by 0.25% this week as a symbolic way to show that he is not (yet) Trump's puppet, but the US simply canot afford higher interest rates.

Imagine you had huge debt, more than ever before and that interest rates are rising, leading you to bankruptcy.  Now imagine that you have the power to lower these interest rates.  You would absolutely lower these rates to save yourself.

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But lowering rates doesn’t save you. It creates more of the problem that is suffocating you.

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That depends who "you" is.  As per my original post, it certainly doesn't save the savers, people with money in the bank, but it saves the governments and people in debt.  The devaluation of the currency transfers wealth from the savers to the indebted.  I'm not saying this is right, but governments are very indebted and they ultimately call the shots.

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‘Now imagine that you have the power to lower these interest rates.  You would absolutely lower these rates to save yourself’

You were using ‘you’ in your original post - hence my framing in response to you. So assumed you knew who ‘you’ was. 

’I'm not saying this is right, but governments are very indebted and they ultimately call the shots’

But I thought central banks and monetary policy were/are independent of governments? Are you saying governments are going to tell central banks what to do and defy their mandate of being free and independent from political interference? That sounds like corruption.

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You need to get real IO, Financial Repression is exactly how the US got their debt down after WWII.  I'm not trying to be condescending, please learn about Financial Repression and Financial Dominance.

Again, I'm not saying this is right or fair, but it is what is most likely what is going to happen, and if we understand this, we can protect ourselves in the future.

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I’m being real Yvil! And I think we are on a pretty similar line of thinking on this.

The only difference is that you seem to think that we are about to revert to QE. Which I disagree with.

Why? QE only works if an economy faces a deflationary recession which is why it was used 2008 and 2020 - as deflation was a real risk.

It’s 180deg of that now - we face stagflation. And you can’t do QE with stagflation. If they try it, within months inflation will be 10%, then 20%…then 50%…and the primary role of the Federal Reserve is to protect the USD by keeping inflation stable and low. 

Colin covers this in his response below in much more detail. 

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Thanks for your reply IO.  

You say: "If they try it (resuming QE), within months inflation will be 10%, then 20%…then 50%…and the primary role of the Federal Reserve is to protect the USD by keeping inflation stable and low"

That is precisely why my first post was about financial dominance, please learn about it, the US treasury will take control of the finances from the Fed.  You (and many others to be fair) struggle to accept that the only way out of this immense debt is for the USA to: 1) default on their obligations or 2) print money.  They will always choose 2) over 1).

Open up your mind to the inevitable path that QE will resume, but on a much, much larger scale, interest rates are going to go down sharply (not tomorrow agreed) and that inflation is going to run at 10%.. 20%... 50% as you say, and that the currency is going to devalue 30% to 50% to reduce the debt to GDP ratio to about 50% to max 80% which then becomes manageable again.

Again, I'm not saying this is right or fair, but it is going to be.

 
 

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Monetary policy globally is trying to slowly deflate the covid stimulas bubble without popping the balloon.  Its often described as trying to land a jumbo on an aircraft carrier. Its a bumpy ride down from those heady days of "unlimited support".

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Deflation by inflation. 

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Yes, that's one way to put it. 

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It's not the covid 'stimulus'. 

This has been building for decades.

And has nowhere to run - both global parameters are diverging. 

One is the amount of planet left. The other is the increasing amount of proxy. 

It's pretty simple. 

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"slowly deflate the covid stimulas bubble without popping the balloon"

They're is zero chance of this happening. The US governmen is $40,000,000,000,000 in debt, and it is overspending by about $2,000,000,000,000 every year, and their interest bill alone is over $1,000,000,000,000 pa and rising quickly.

The US, just like Japan, the UK, France and many other countries are utterly broke.

I'm trying to make people aware that there is only one way out of this mess as far as I know,  which is to deflate the debt away by letting inflation run rampant and fiercely devaluing the currency.

If anyone can see another way out of this monumental debt, I genuinely want to hear about it.  I'm open to another solution that makes financial sense.

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Financial isn't the sense needed. 

Some of us have been warning of this impasse, for decades.

All proxy could be invalidated tomorrow - the real wouldn't have changed one iota - well, apart from a day's resource depletion.

I've long pointed out it's the HAVING of things/stuff - I laughed at the PM haring off to Singapore recently - is the real wealth. In that regard, we are getting poorer, daily. 

Edit - in my circles 20 years ago, this was being debated. Steve Keen led the pack; suggesting across-the-board proxy handouts; suggesting (then) a few hundred thou each. Those in debt aren't so much (the poor: at all) and relative wealth is intact. But money, of course, would be near worthless. We should have done the inevitable, then. 

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Yvil - Dalio’s book ‘The Changing World Order’ would be a great read given your current line of thinking. It covers all of your doubts and concerns in detail using case studies over the past few thousand years of all of the other reserve currencies that have been and gone.  

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Thanks, I am familiar with Dalio's "The changing World Order", in which he states that the end of any hegemony is caused by the collapse of its currency, which is precisely my point.

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The way out of this is through ‘pain’. Pain that has been avoided since 2008 or even 1971 and the US coming off the gold standard. Since then, everything has been extend and pretend. Along your line of thinking is that ‘we will just lower rates and create more debt, and devalue our currency more, in order to solve our problem’ - but in doing so create more of the problem - excessive debt relative to productivity and the ability of pay the interest expense on the already existing debt.

Ultimately the solution to this is the US defaulting on its debt obligations - which is a 100% certainty at some point in the future as they are on a one way trip there now without the ability to reverse course - or put another way - the pain to reverse course would be too financially painful for people to endure so they won’t do what is required to correct course (see what happened when Musk tried with the DOGE concept - something aimed at reducing fiscal spending in order to reduce government debt and to get the USD off the one way course to eventual default).

The big question is when will this happen. Won’t be next year, probably not this decade. But I can see it happening in the next 20-50 years at some point given the exponential rate at which US debt is spiralling out of control - and political and social instability will get worse as this financial issue gets worse. 

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That last para implies linear thought.

This is exponential, and multi-faceted. 

So it hasn't a hope in hell of lasting decades. 

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Your view is more gloomy than mine but I’m not going to say you are wrong - the COVID fiscal and monetary interventions blew my mind about how completely reckless those in power were so who is to say they won’t be again soon.

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IO, 

I fully agree with your first paragraph.

I disagree that the US will default on its debt, there we differ.  As per my comment above at 2:33, I believe that the US will undertake another round of QE, let inflation run amok and purposely let its currency tank.  

I agree that the US will pay the price by losing its status as the World's main hegemony, as per your reference to Ray Dalio.  I think this is already well on its way.

 

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The question then is: Will businesses accept contracts from govt if they have no faith of the monetary worth being valid in a week, 30 days, 3 months time. Will  govt be able to get the services it needs to self-sustain without cannibalizing itself? What will the populace do knowing full well what their govt is putting them through by its own choice. Seems more of a recipe for Dalio's stated social upheaval. Would the police still listen to govt if their salaries became pesos by their own employers doing?

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Yvil — perhaps you have identified the mechanism, but not the trap.

I think your description of fiscal dominance and financial repression is broadly where this is heading. Where I would take the discussion a little further is to ask a more fundamental question...

What monetary or fiscal policy option is actually left that is politically survivable?

The U.S. is no longer dealing with a conventional debt cycle. It has an enormous fiscal deficit sitting alongside a persistent external deficit, while the accumulated debt stock itself is making the cost of correcting either increasingly destructive, which is where I think an important distinction gets lost within conventional/mystical/eCONomic debt analysis.

It isn't enough to ask whether nominal GDP growth can outrun the nominal interest rate. Inflation can manufacture that result while simultaneously destroying purchasing power.

The real question is whether real productive output — what I call PGDP — can grow fast enough to outrun the real effective burden of servicing the accumulated debt.

Historically, the great U.S. example was the post-WWII period. Federal debt held by the public fell from roughly 106% of GDP in 1946 to just 23% by 1974. But this occurred against an extraordinary backdrop of strong real growth, rapidly expanding industrial capacity and productivity, favourable demographics and a vastly different global monetary environment. The U.S. was effectively growing its productive economy faster than its debt burden could accumulate.

I see no obvious modern equivalent - instead, the U.S. now faces a rather unpleasant monetary trap.

Raise rates and you progressively squeeze an economy carrying an enormous debt stock, while simultaneously increasing the government's own interest bill.

Suppress rates and expand liquidity and you may provide temporary relief to borrowers and the Treasury — but risk transferring the adjustment into inflation, currency depreciation and the destruction of savers' purchasing power.

Fiscal policy offers no easy escape either. A genuine fiscal consolidation would require some combination of substantially higher taxation, reduced government spending, entitlement reform or reduced geopolitical commitments. Each creates powerful domestic political losers.

So I agree with you that fiscal dominance and financial repression are plausible mechanisms for what comes next - where I differ is that I don't regard them as a solution - to my way of thinking, they are really only mechanisms for deciding who absorbs the losses.

And this is why the bond market is becoming the critical pressure point. The choice is increasingly being taken out of Washington's hands. Treasury yields are already rising sharply regardless of what the Fed does - the 10-year has just broken above 5% and the 30-year has pushed above 5.4%, both reaching their highest levels since 2007.

Washington therefore faces an increasingly vicious dilemma. It can try to suppress those rising yields through monetary accommodation and financial repression, but that risks transferring the pressure from the bond market into the dollar and inflation. 

Or it can allow the market to continue repricing Treasury risk, in which case the rapidly rising cost of servicing an already enormous debt stock increasingly feeds back into the fiscal deficit itself.

The important point is that this isn't simply a choice between raising or lowering rates anymore. The long end of the bond market is increasingly making that choice for Washington.

The dilemma becomes brutally simple:

Higher rates threaten the economy through debt-service and credit contraction.

Lower rates threaten the currency through inflation and capital flight.

Fiscal austerity threatens the political system.

Continuing the present trajectory compounds the debt problem.

EDIT... if the U.S. simultaneously loses technological and productive leadership, particularly in AI, where it has effectively bet the farm in terms of the extraordinary scale of capital expenditure now being committed, then the consequences could be profound. If China ultimately obliterates the U.S. in this race, as I expect, much of that enormous CapEx will have been committed on the assumption of productivity gains that never materialise.

Worse still, the AI investment boom is currently masking an increasingly dismal underlying real economy. The danger is that Washington and Wall Street wake up to the distinction between an enormous AI investment boom and genuine broad-based productive growth, only after the capital has already been committed.

At that point, the assumption that future productive growth will simply rescue today's accumulated liabilities could prove to be nothing more than a farcically delusional pipe-dream.

I think your "fiscal dominance/financial repression" thesis is pointing in the right direction, but I would put the ultimate problem this way... Washington has run out of politically survivable conventional choices, at which point, monetary policy ceases to be primarily about solving the debt problem.

It becomes about deciding which part of society absorbs the consequences of a debt burden that productive growth can no longer comfortably carry.

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The link won't open for me, PDK - a blessing - because I find her pseudo-intellectualism utterly unwatchable... IMO, nothing more than an MSM status-quo sock-puppet.  

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Who cares who the interviewer is?

Steve Keen understood the energy-underwrite, limits to growth dilemma, away back then, and well before then. 

RNZ: Steve Keen – The Case for a Modern Debt Jubilee – Brave New Europe

And '09 - long ago enough to engender frustration at the MSM

Steve Keen: we need a "debt jubilee" | naked capitalism

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Yes, PDK, the same climate-catastrophist/economist who until very recently steadfastly avoided going anywhere near the subject of banking and money creation conducted as a public utility, when that is the #1 foundational reform required that has any hope of turning the Western-centric/FIC system around.  

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You've just done it again. 

You have some good points, but your rabbit-hole diving and whitewashing of folk, reduces any cred. 

Climate alteration ALONE will get us - there's still half the FF to burn, if we insist on being stupid. 

Diising folk because of one facet of their thinking - even if it were incorrect - is flawed. I read/listen to stuff all the time, which/who disagrees with my POV - perhaps more than I read reinforcing stuff. I keep the filter in mind - but don't avoid. 

A difference between us, perhaps...

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No, PDK - once again you leap to a whole string of assumptions.

I have listened to Keen for years, and still check in regularly. However, it is extremely rare for me to find anything new in his work, and he loves to frame himself as a rebel, but never asked the hard questions, and neither has he ever been particularly solutions-based in his work either. 

If he had ever put together a cohesive solutions based plan, believe me, I would have heard about it.  

Besides he is as boring as hell for me to listen to, and spends most of his time droning on in self-congratulatory tones, and reminding the audience about just how right he has been on everything... forever.... hmmm and why does that rings a bell? 

And... you said... "rabbit-hole diving and whitewashing of folk, reduces any cred."

...well it could hardly come any richer than that from you - the supreme self-appointed adjudicator/oracle of "cred", and all that is right, himself.

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Do I remember you were anti-vax? 

Or is that wrong? 

Checking where you are on climate? 

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Vladimir Maxwell is a pro fascist masquarading as a pseudo intellectual. 

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Spot on Colin - you and I see this through a very similar line of thinking.

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It's been a fascinating thread today, Independent.

There is an interesting phenomenon I've noticed in long-running online comment sections.

After 10, 15 or 20 years, the comment thread can almost become part of someone's identity. People aren't necessarily just defending the argument they've made today, they're defending an accumulated intellectual territory they've occupied for years.

And that can make genuine discussion increasingly difficult, because you're no longer debating simply this week's proposition. You're implicitly challenging a framework that someone has spent years constructing and defending.

But there is a deeper point here too - longevity in a debate forum doesn't necessarily mean intellectual development.

Someone could spend twenty years commenting on the same site while becoming increasingly invested in defending the intellectual position they arrived with years earlier.

That's very different from somebody who has spent twenty years developing and modifying their views as they encounter new evidence.

To my mind, the latter is what makes a genuinely interesting interlocutor.

You don't have to agree with someone to have a worthwhile intellectual exchange, but often we do, and that's great too.

In fact, some of the best discussions I've had here have been with people whose positions differed substantially from my own, but who were prepared to examine the underlying assumptions, bring new evidence to the table,  and where we can both reconsider our own positions when the evidence warrants it.

Perhaps the real measure of intellectual maturity isn't about how long we have held a particular position, but how many times we have been prepared to modify it.

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Colin, you basically fully agree with my original post.  You conclude by saying:

"I think your "fiscal dominance/financial repression" thesis is pointing in the right direction, but I would put the ultimate problem this way... Washington has run out of politically survivable conventional choices, at which point, monetary policy ceases to be primarily about solving the debt problem.  Yep, so we agree, that's why I invited people to understand fiscal dominance.

It becomes about deciding which part of society absorbs the consequences of a debt burden that productive growth can no longer comfortably carry."  Well, I have stated that clearly in my original post too: "People with savings lose out, effectively paying for this transition, people with hard assets will preserve their wealth" and also "The devaluation of the currency transfers wealth from the savers to the indebted"

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Perhaps you Colin and IO think that I believe that the upcoming fiscal repression will return the economy to BAU.  This is certainly not my view, in the fiscal dominance process I have described in my posts above, the USD will lose its status as reserve currency and the US will no longer be the world's leading power.  I would suggest that this process is already on its way.

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Yes,100% here too, Yvil. 

As you say the BAU won't happen - their is no going back now - IMO this will be a completely new global paradigm right through from the micro to the macro scene.

It's actually rather refreshing to exchange ideas with someone who has an excellent grasp of what's going on, rather than wade through the usual infantile one-liners, ad hominem drivel, and pearls of wisdom from the self-appointed truth-meisters.

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"Colin, you basically fully agree with my original post."

Absolutely, Yvil and thats why I responded - hoping that I could help to flesh out  your excellent lead, and suggest some extra aspects that could perhaps be missed along the way.

So yes, 100%, Yvil. 

Cheers
Colin

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A dilemma rather than a problem...a problem has solutions.

Ultimately everyone will lose, though some may lose more than others.

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Fair point.

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Queenstown will be booming when the ultrawealthy move here and emerge from their bunkers to live. They will however all be competing for limited resources in such a small place. How quaint.

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For those who are feeling/seeing the pain at the pump filling up with Diesel they should google "Stump to Pump"! 

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