By Bernard Hickey
This week's rise in the New Zealand dollar to a near record highs was no accident of foreign exchange markets or a natural result of overseas forces.
The New Zealand dollar jumped to a high of over 81 USc on Friday morning after Gareth Vaughan reported that China's Sovereign Wealth Fund may have allocated NZ$6 billion of its US$330 billion fund to buy New Zealand government bonds and other assets. It's not just US dollar weakness either. The New Zealand dollar hit a 3 year high on a Trade Weighted Index basis of over 70 as it firmed against the Australian dollar.
Foreign exchange traders rightly understood what this meant. At some stage in coming months the world's biggest holder of foreign currency reserves (around US$3 trillion in total) will want to buy New Zealand dollars to lend them to the New Zealand government.
This isn't particularly new because China has already been a big buyer of New Zealand government bonds and assets over the last year. That was acknowledged this week by Prime Minister John Key and confirmed by Finance Minister Bill English through his presence in Hong Kong, where he met with key investors and bankers.
But this realisation that New Zealand's borrowing and asset selling is starting to drive up our currency is now sinking in, both with traders and exporters.
Reinsurance payments of close to NZ$15 billion over the coming year or two will also push the New Zealand dollar higher.
This poses some massive questions for the government and the economy as a whole.
How is New Zealand supposed to rebalance its economy away from consumption, importing, borrowing and asset selling towards investment, production, exporting and asset buying when our currency is headed for record highs?
How credible is the talk from John Key and Bill English about rebalancing when their actions are actually encouraging a stronger New Zealand dollar?
Key has even acknowledged that a stronger New Zealand dollar is actually good for consumers, which can be read as meaning voters.
A stronger New Zealand dollar of course means cheaper imports, cheaper electronics, cheaper overseas holidays and cheaper petrol.
This is actually a political choice.
A strong New Zealand dollar is good for consumers and voters a few months out from an election.
It is bad for exporters and producers in the long term.
It is classic short term political thinking at the expense of long term economy building.
The government is essentially deciding that borrowing money from eager lenders and selling assets to eager buyers is an easier decision than increasing prices for stressed consumers.
Is this really what New Zealanders want?
This issue actually boils down to sovereignty. Every time we borrow more and sell assets we give up a little bit of sovereignty to the lender and the foreign asset owner.
Are New Zealanders comfortable doing that for the sake of cheap petrol now?
That is what this week's rise in the currency boils down to.
New Zealanders collectively, through their political decisions around asset sales and borrowing, are essentially choosing to consume now and pay later.
The biggest pressure point in this debate will come up in the coming weeks and months as the Government decides on whether Chinese Rich-lister and property mogul Jiang Zhaobai should be allowed to buy Crafar Farms. There is also the prospect that 83% of New Zealand's biggest dairy farming group Dairy Holdings will be sold to foreign interests, including the potential for China's Bright Dairy, which already controls Canterbury milk processing operation Synlait. See more here from Gareth Vaughan on the Dairy Holdings sale.
This sale is being handled by the receivers for South Canterbury Finance, and therefore the government is the driving force in the sale.
We know the government is comfortable borrowing from the Chinese sovereign wealth fund.
Is it comfortable selling New Zealand's two largest suppliers to Fonterra to Chinese interests?
Sounds like an election issue to me.
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