By David Hargreaves
Westpac economists have reacted to the sixth consecutive fall in prices at the GlobalDairyTrade auction by lowering their forecast of the price that Fonterra will be able to pay farmers for milk in the new season just under way.
And they also raise the possibility that financing conditions may get even tougher for farmers facing lean pickings this year.
Last week Fonterra announced its official forecast for the new season at a price of $5.25 per kilogram of milk solids.
However, economists generally saw this as a conservative estimate, with the belief that slumping world prices would recover somewhat. A popular pick for the season-ending price in the 2015-16 season has been around $5.70.
But the latest fall in prices at the GDT auction came as a surprise.
AgriHQ dairy analyst Susan Kilsby said that ahead of the auction the NZX Dairy Futures market had anticipated milk powder prices would rise - "however, it appears buyers did not share that positive sentiment.”
ASB chief economist Nick Tuffley and rural economist Nathan Penny are saying that dairy prices "should begin their recovery two to three months down the track", and are sticking with their $5.70 season-end pick for the new season, though do caution that "this auction result adds some downside risk to this forecast", but the recent fall in the NZ dollar balances this risk .
However, Westpac senior economist Michael Gordon says the Westpac economics team now expects a farmgate milk price of $5.40/kg for the new season, down from a $5.70/kg pick before the latest fall in global dairy prices.
"This is a little higher than Fonterra’s opening forecast of $5.25/kg, but both forecasts are contingent on an improvement in world prices over the course of the season. The conditions for such an improvement don’t appear to be in place just yet."
In its latest Financial Stability Report last month, the Reserve Bank warned that financial stress in the dairy sector "could rise markedly" if prices remain at low levels in the 2015-16 season. The RBNZ says that despite many farms being in a position to manage down working expenses, around one-quarter of dairy farms are believed to have had negative cash flow for the 2014-15 season.
Westpac's Gordon said that on top of the dairying sector’s current cash flow concerns, there was a risk that financing conditions could tighten.
"The Financial Stability Report was silent on what action would the RBNZ take if it believed the dairying sector was becoming a threat to financial stability. But we think the most likely response is that the RBNZ would require banks to hold a larger capital buffer against their existing agricultural loans, to absorb an expected rise in defaults.
"If so, the cost of holding that additional capital buffer would be factored into the interest rates for farm lending."
ASB's Tuffley and Penny said they now now expect nationwide production (that's for all processors) to end the season 3% higher than the 2013/14 season – having previously forecast a 2% lift.
"Moreover, during the height of this summer’s drought we had forecast the season’s production level to be on par with 2013/14.
"All up, dairy markets will need time to absorb the extra NZ product from the better than expected end to the NZ production season. As a result, we expect dairy prices to remain weak for another two to three months, before beginning to recover in earnest later in 2015."
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